Hatch Guide · Mayfly (Ephemerellidae)

Sulphur

The sulphur hatch is the defining hatch of the Eastern trout season. Emerging in the late afternoon and evening from May through July, sulphurs bring the biggest, wariest fish to the surface. The spinner fall — often after dark — can be even more productive than the dun hatch itself.

Peak months: MayJune · nowJuly

Top fly patterns

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Month-by-month activity

Number of rivers where the Sulphur hatch is active each month.

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
13 rivers
Jun ●
17 rivers
Jul
3 rivers
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Rivers where Sulphur hatches

Farmington River Active now
Connecticut Active: May, Jun, Jul
Trout Management Area below Riverton — catch-and-release artificial-only year-round. Lower river sto…
Housatonic River Active now
Connecticut Active: May, Jun
Catch-and-release TMA between Cornwall Bridge and Boardman Bridge. Hatches: caddis, Hendricksons, su…
Salmon River Active now
Connecticut Active: May, Jun
Atlantic Salmon Broodstock area — special regs apply. Heavily stocked sections.
Willimantic River Active now
Connecticut Active: Jun
TMA section near Willimantic. Spring and fall stocking.
Naugatuck River Active now
Connecticut Active: Jun
TMA section. Improving water quality post-cleanup.
Deerfield River Active now
Massachusetts Active: May, Jun, Jul
Cold tailwater below Fife Brook Dam (Florida, MA) plus the Mohawk Trail water. Dam releases drive fl…
Battenkill River Active now
Vermont Active: Jun
Classic wild brown and brook trout river — no stocking, technical fish, clear water. Cooler than the…
Upper Delaware River Active now
Pennsylvania / New York Active: May, Jun, Jul
Big tailwater-influenced system (West and East Branches plus the main stem) holding wild rainbows an…
Beaverkill River Active now
New York Active: Jun
The birthplace of American dry-fly fishing. Classic Catskill freestone water with Quill Gordon, Hend…
Esopus Creek Active now
New York Active: May, Jun
NYC watershed tailwater — Tunnel Portal releases cold water from the Schoharie Reservoir, keeping te…
Penns Creek Active now
Pennsylvania Active: May, Jun
Limestone-fed wild trout stream famous for its Green Drake hatch in late May. Catch-and-release sect…
Brodhead Creek Active now
Pennsylvania Active: May, Jun
Historic Pocono trout stream. Wild and stocked fish. Good access throughout. Classic Hendrickson and…
Au Sable River Active now
Michigan Active: May, Jun
Michigan's most famous trout river — spring-fed, clear water through northern Michigan pines. The He…
Pere Marquette River Active now
Michigan Active: May, Jun
Blue Ribbon wild trout and steelhead river through northern Michigan. Spring steelhead and fall chin…
Watauga River Active now
Tennessee Active: May, Jun
Cold tailwater below Watauga Dam. Year-round fishery with strong sulphur, caddis, and yellow sally h…
Davidson River Active now
North Carolina Active: May, Jun
Gem of the Southern Appalachians in Pisgah National Forest. Wild trout in clear mountain water. Hatc…
Rose River Active now
Virginia Active: May, Jun
Remote wild trout stream in Shenandoah National Park foothills. Native brook trout in upper reaches,…

How to fish the Sulphur

Fish a size 16–18 Sulphur Comparadun or parachute pattern during the dun hatch. After dark, switch to a Sulphur Spinner with rust-colored wings laid flat. 6X tippet and drag-free drifts are mandatory on educated fish.

Frequently asked

When does the Sulphur hatch?

Peak emergence: May, June, July. Timing varies by elevation, latitude, and water temperature.

What flies match the Sulphur hatch?

Top patterns: Parachute Adams (size 14-20); Sulphur Comparadun (size 16-18); Pheasant Tail Nymph (size 12-20); Soft Hackle (Partridge & Orange) (size 12-16).

What rivers have a good Sulphur hatch?

Sulphur hatches are documented on 17 rivers including: Farmington River, Housatonic River, Salmon River, Willimantic River, Naugatuck River and 12 more.

How do I fish the Sulphur hatch?

Fish a size 16–18 Sulphur Comparadun or parachute pattern during the dun hatch. After dark, switch to a Sulphur Spinner with rust-colored wings laid flat. 6X tippet and drag-free drifts are mandatory on educated fish.

What is the Sulphur?

The sulphur hatch is the defining hatch of the Eastern trout season. Emerging in the late afternoon and evening from May through July, sulphurs bring the biggest, wariest fish to the surface. The spinner fall — often after dark — can be even more productive than the dun hatch itself. Family: Mayfly (Ephemerellidae).

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